The adoption of electric vehicles (EV) in India is poised to see a boost in adoption numbers driven by a rapidly expanding charging network, growth in battery swapping models and government policies such as the PM e-drive.
The respective sector demonstrated strong momentum in 2024, with total sales reaching nearly 1.95 million units across segments. Industry experts see this growth trajectory continuing into 2025, supported by expanding charging infrastructure, battery swapping networks and favorable government policies.
Alluding to the performance of the sector in 2024 ICRA Corporate Ratings Senior Vice President Srikumar Krishnamurthy said, “Electric vehicles in India continued to gain traction in 2024 supported by factors like government incentives, changing consumer needs new product launches, technological advancements, etc. Nevertheless, the EV penetration levels remain modest, particularly in cars and trucks, though adoption in two-wheelers and three-wheelers and buses is better. The government’s policy measures remain supportive; the PM e-drive scheme is expected to aid faster EV adoption apart from the development of the EV manufacturing ecosystem. While the transition is gradual, the EV sector holds promise as a cornerstone for sustainable mobility, with significant growth potential in the coming years."
According to data from Vahan Dashboard 19,48,957 EVs were sold between January and December 2024. Electric two-wheelers dominated the market with sales translating to 1.2 million units followed by the three-wheeler segment that sold 6,94,466 units. 
Meanwhile, the electric car segment continued to show steady progress with 99,848 units sold while the electric-bus sales experienced substantial growth increasing by 39% in CY2024, reaching 3,834 units. 
Ola Electric dominated the two-wheeler segment with a 35.42 percent market share followed by TVS (19.49 percent), Bajaj (16.58 percent), Ather (11.08 percent) and Hero (3.78 percent).
In the three-wheeler passenger segment, Mahindra Last Mile Mobility led with approximately 10 percent market share, while Bajaj Auto demonstrated exceptional growth. The three-wheeler cargo segment saw Mahindra LMM maintaining leadership with about 11 percent market share, while Bajaj Auto showed impressive growth to capture 4.7 percent market share. 
In the electric car segment, Tata Motors maintained dominance with roughly 62 percent market share, followed by MG Motor India at 22 percent, Mahindra & Mahindra (7 percent), BYD (2.85 percent), and PCA (2.19 percent), while in the electric bus segment, Tata Motors retained its leadership position with all major players showing significant sales growth.
2025 Outlook
Alluding to the sectoral outlook for 2025, Altigreen Propulsion Labs Chief Executive Officer Amitabh Sharan noted, “The electric vehicle industry in India stands at a transformative crossroads in 2025, with the market projected to reach USD 235 billion by 2030 at a remarkable CAGR of 49 percent. The sector will witness remarkable growth (especially in commercial vehicles) in 2025, driven by a combination of TCO benefits, technological advancements for better quality vehicles and driveability, and changing consumer perception towards EVs. However, the road to widespread EV adoption will need to overcome significant challenges viz-a-viz innovative vehicle financing, urban charging infrastructure, consistency in policy and regulatory framework, supply-chain localisation (for price parity with ICE) and very importantly skill development through industry-academia partnerships.”
Revfin Founder Sameer Aggarwal said, “2024 has been a defining year for India’s automotive sector, marked by accelerated adoption of electric vehicles, advancements in sustainability, and the integration of innovative technologies. Building on this momentum, 2025 is expected to be a year for EV adoption. With an intensified focus on developing robust EV charging infrastructure and scaling up battery-swapping networks, transitioning to electric mobility will become more seamless for consumers. Coupled with innovative financing models and targeted efforts to reach underserved markets, the industry is set to overcome accessibility barriers and make sustainable mobility a reality for all. Collaboration between automakers, policymakers, and technology providers will ensure a cohesive ecosystem, enabling India to lead the way in sustainable and inclusive mobility solutions.”
Godawari Electric Motors Director Hyder Ali Khan noted, “As we look ahead to 2025, we are excited about the robust expansion of our Eblu product portfolio, catering to the evolving needs of our customers. Additionally, we have some promising public and private orders in the pipeline, which will further accelerate our growth trajectory. We remain committed to driving innovation and sustainability in the EV sector and look forward to continued collaboration with our stakeholders to shape a cleaner and greener future for mobility.”
Zypp Electric Chief Executive Officer Akash Gupta revealed plans for 2025 along with the sector outlook and stated, “Looking ahead to 2025, Zypp Electric is committed to deploying 200,000 electric vehicles across the country in the next 12-18 months and we will double down on innovation, fleet expansion and partnerships to meet growing demand. We will focus on bolstering EV charging infrastructure, enhancing intelligent fleet management, and contributing to India's net-zero goals. Together, we aim to revolutionise last-mile logistics and make green mobility the norm for businesses and communities alike.”
On the components front, Automotive Component Manufacturers Association Director General Vinnie Mehta averred, “The Indian auto component industry is poised for robust double-digit growth in FY25, driven by strategic efforts to reduce import dependence and bolster exports. The electric vehicle component segment is witnessing remarkable year-on-year growth, propelled by the surging demand for sustainable mobility solutions. Key drivers include advancements in electric powertrains and battery systems, supported by increased investments in localization, R&D, and progressive government policies. These developments underscore the industry’s commitment to innovation, self-reliance, and establishing India as a prominent global manufacturing hub."
As India furthers its journey towards carbon neutrality within the mobility sector, EV adoption is slated to accelerate even in the luxury car segment. According to a news report citing Federation of Automobile Dealers Associations, the luxury EV market grew by 6.7 percent in 2024 despite decline in sales. 
BMW witnessed the highest sales followed by Mercedes Benz India, Volvo, Audi and Porsche. 

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Pune-headquartered EKA Mobility and Pinnacle Industries have inaugurated six manufacturing facilities across Maharashtra and Madhya Pradesh as part of the EKA 'Avirbhava' event in Pune.

The group has invested over INR 35 billion in its manufacturing platform, alongside an R&D investment exceeding INR 6 billion. The expansion brings the group's total footprint to 11 manufacturing units across 120 acres, with an annual production capacity of over 40,000 electric commercial vehicles.

The newly opened sites include an SCV plant and a Bus & Trucks plant in Pune, the VDL Pinnacle Engineering plant, the Instor India facility for EV bus body structures and battery enclosures, a Pinnacle Seating and Interiors unit in Pune and Pinnacle's bus and rail seating plant in Pithampur. EKA Mobility reported a YoY sales growth of 1,243 percent in H1 FY27 and holds an order book of over 11,000 buses valued at USD 1.7 billion.

The company operates as a Champion OEM under the Indian Government's Automotive PLI Scheme, backed by 300 intellectual properties and a workforce of 6,000 employees, including 1,000 R&D engineers. Operations are supported by telemetry software EKA Connect, which tracks 1,500 vehicle parameters every half-second while retaining data within domestic servers. Internationally, the firm has deployed electric buses in Zanzibar and small commercial vehicles in Nepal, with assembly plants being established in South Africa and Australia.

Sudhir Mehta, Founder & Chairman, EKA Mobility and Group Companies, said, "EKA Avirbhava marks a defining milestone in our journey of building a future-ready, globally competitive manufacturing ecosystem rooted in India. The inauguration of six manufacturing facilities across our group reflects our unwavering commitment to innovation, indigenous engineering, sustainable mobility, and manufacturing excellence. These facilities are more than infrastructure; they represent our vision of creating world-class capabilities, generating meaningful employment, nurturing talent, and contributing to India’s emergence as a global manufacturing powerhouse. As we take this significant step forward, we remain focused on delivering transformative mobility solutions that create lasting value for our customers, our nation, and future generations."

"We have always believed that commercial EVs are about more than vehicles. The diversity of our product portfolio is not an accident. It is a conscious idea, because to make a real difference, we must impact every Indian and every traveller. That means looking at mobility holistically: goods and passengers, from the first mile to the last mile. Public transport is the backbone of India. Until we make it accessible and affordable for all, we will not have achieved our vision, and no amount of technology matters if it does not reach the people who depend on it every day. Our products, their performance and their profitability are an example of how sustainability can be profitable for all: for the operator, for the passenger and for the country. That is why we have built all this, the plants, the engineering and the technology, in India, for India," added Mehta.

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Montra Electric has partnered with Chennai-based logistics platform VFRYT, supplying 50 electric commercial vehicles to support the launch of VFRYT's on-demand commercial vehicle booking service.

The agreement integrates Montra Electric's Super Cargo eCX d+ vehicles into VFRYT's logistics platform, which connects fleet operators and owner-drivers with businesses requiring intra-city freight transportation.

VFRYT's platform uses GPS, SIM-based and FASTag tracking, alongside artificial intelligence-enabled monitoring to provide real-time shipment visibility. The initial VFRYT fleet comprises approximately 185 electric vehicles alongside diesel and CNG options, with Montra Electric's units deployed across its channel mobility partner network in Chennai prior to planned expansion into other Indian regions.

The Montra Electric Super Cargo eCX d+ features a 13.8 kWh battery delivering a range exceeding 150 kilometres per charge, a cargo capacity of 170 cubic feet and telemetry integration via the One Montra App. The vehicle includes a five-year battery warranty and a chassis designed for commercial freight operations.

Jalaj Gupta, Managing Director, Montra Electric, said, "For electric commercial mobility to scale, the business case must be as compelling as the technology itself. The real opportunity lies in integrating electric vehicles into the everyday flow of commerce and ensuring they create tangible value for the businesses that depend on them. By connecting our vehicles with an on-demand platform like VFRYT, we are expanding opportunities for their deployment while bringing electric mobility closer to the daily realities of Indian logistics."

Pradeep Murali, Founder & CEO, VFRYT, said, "Our vision at VFRYT is to make commercial transportation more accessible, transparent and efficient through technology. This collaboration with Montra Electric is an important step towards bringing sustainable mobility into the everyday logistics ecosystem. We aim to give businesses greater access to efficient transportation solutions through our on-demand platform, while accelerating the adoption of electric mobility and supporting cleaner urban logistics. We believe that the convergence of technology and electric mobility will play a key role in shaping the future of goods transportation in India."

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Yulu, a micro-mobility solution provider, has launched its electric mobility-as-a-service platform in Nashik through its Yulu Business Partner franchise model, collaborating with Approach Auto Mobility led by entrepreneur Jai Dhanani.

The expansion marks Yulu's second market in Maharashtra following Mumbai and its ninth franchise-led launch across non-metro locations, extending its overall presence to 13 cities. Operations will commence with a fleet of 100 DeX electric two-wheelers operating from a hub in Rajiv Nagar, with plans to scale coverage across the city and surrounding areas.

The platform aims to serve Nashik's delivery sector, which records approximately 25,000 daily orders across 25 dark stores and 1,500 food service outlets. The service includes battery swapping supported by Yuma Energy, maintenance, and insurance, offering commercial users a cost-per-kilometre lower than petrol vehicles.

Amit Gupta, Co-Founder & CEO, Yulu, said, "India’s next phase of e-mobility adoption will be shaped by non-metro cities where changing consumer expectations and the expansion of quick commerce are reshaping urban logistics. The depth of demand for sustainable, reliable, and accessible solutions from both consumers and delivery partners in Nashik makes it the perfect time for a hyperlocal goods mobility platform like Yulu to launch its service in the city. Through our partnership with Approach Auto Mobility, Yulu aims to create an EV-powered delivery model that adapts to Nashik’s evolving needs."

Jai Dhanani, Founder, Approach Auto Mobility, said, "As an existing battery swapping franchise partner of Yuma Energy, we were already familiar with the Yulu Group’s purpose-built system and technology-driven approach to mobility. The latest partnership gets us closer to our aim of making EV-powered deliveries the default in Nashik — a goal we will achieve by offering delivery partners a lower cost per kilometre and near-zero downtime network, even as we simultaneously help brands unlock a dependable and low-emission fleet that grows with them as a partner."

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Blue Energy Motors has expanded its green freight footprint through two commercial initiatives, deploying LNG-powered heavy-duty trucks with M R Shah Group and opening a battery-swap station for electric heavy-duty trucks in Bhiwandi in partnership with Hindustan Petroleum Corporation (HPCL).

M R Shah Group has integrated double-tank LNG heavy-duty trucks from Blue Energy Motors into its long-haul operations to transport non-hazardous chemicals from Kutch to destinations in North India. The double-tank vehicles provide an operating range of up to 2,400 kilometres on a single fill, reducing refuelling stops and lowering greenhouse gas emissions by up to 30 percent compared to diesel trucks.

Concurrently, Blue Energy Motors and HPCL have operationalised a heavy-duty truck battery-swap facility at an HPCL retail outlet in Bhiwandi, extending the company’s Mumbai–Pune Electric Freight Corridor. The station performs automated battery swapping for heavy commercial vehicles in under five minutes to reduce charging downtime. The facility also incorporates public charging infrastructure for electric two-wheelers, four-wheelers, and commercial vehicles. Across its electric and LNG platforms, Blue Energy Motors operates over 1,400 trucks in India, covering 150 million kilometres and reducing carbon dioxide emissions by over 44,000 tonnes.

Archit Agrawal, Director, M. R. Shah Group, said, "In our business, keeping goods moving efficiently across long distances is essential. Blue Energy Motors LNG double-tank trucks offer the range required for our operations from Kutch to North India, while supporting reliable transportation and better fleet utilisation. Adopting this technology is a practical step towards improving operational efficiency while progressively moving towards cleaner freight transportation."

Anand Mimani, CEO – EV & New Energy Business, Blue Energy Motors, said, "We value M. R. Shah Group’s confidence in our LNG-powered heavy-duty trucks and its commitment to exploring cleaner solutions for long-haul transportation. The adoption reflects a forward-looking approach to freight operations, where operational efficiency and environmental responsibility go hand in hand. At Blue Energy Motors, we remain committed to supporting our customers with reliable, high-performance solutions that contribute to lower-emission freight movement and the evolution of India’s logistics sector. Our focus at Blue Energy Motors is on making electric freight a practical and scalable reality in India. Our partnership with HPCL brings together our strengths to build the energy infrastructure needed to support this transition. Bhiwandi, with its strong freight and logistics activity, is an important market for us. This first facility is a meaningful step forward, and we look forward to expanding our network of battery-swapping and charging facilities across key markets, supporting electric trucking and serving the wider EV ecosystem."

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