The adoption of electric vehicles (EV) in India is poised to see a boost in adoption numbers driven by a rapidly expanding charging network, growth in battery swapping models and government policies such as the PM e-drive.
The respective sector demonstrated strong momentum in 2024, with total sales reaching nearly 1.95 million units across segments. Industry experts see this growth trajectory continuing into 2025, supported by expanding charging infrastructure, battery swapping networks and favorable government policies.
Alluding to the performance of the sector in 2024 ICRA Corporate Ratings Senior Vice President Srikumar Krishnamurthy said, “Electric vehicles in India continued to gain traction in 2024 supported by factors like government incentives, changing consumer needs new product launches, technological advancements, etc. Nevertheless, the EV penetration levels remain modest, particularly in cars and trucks, though adoption in two-wheelers and three-wheelers and buses is better. The government’s policy measures remain supportive; the PM e-drive scheme is expected to aid faster EV adoption apart from the development of the EV manufacturing ecosystem. While the transition is gradual, the EV sector holds promise as a cornerstone for sustainable mobility, with significant growth potential in the coming years."
According to data from Vahan Dashboard 19,48,957 EVs were sold between January and December 2024. Electric two-wheelers dominated the market with sales translating to 1.2 million units followed by the three-wheeler segment that sold 6,94,466 units. 
Meanwhile, the electric car segment continued to show steady progress with 99,848 units sold while the electric-bus sales experienced substantial growth increasing by 39% in CY2024, reaching 3,834 units. 
Ola Electric dominated the two-wheeler segment with a 35.42 percent market share followed by TVS (19.49 percent), Bajaj (16.58 percent), Ather (11.08 percent) and Hero (3.78 percent).
In the three-wheeler passenger segment, Mahindra Last Mile Mobility led with approximately 10 percent market share, while Bajaj Auto demonstrated exceptional growth. The three-wheeler cargo segment saw Mahindra LMM maintaining leadership with about 11 percent market share, while Bajaj Auto showed impressive growth to capture 4.7 percent market share. 
In the electric car segment, Tata Motors maintained dominance with roughly 62 percent market share, followed by MG Motor India at 22 percent, Mahindra & Mahindra (7 percent), BYD (2.85 percent), and PCA (2.19 percent), while in the electric bus segment, Tata Motors retained its leadership position with all major players showing significant sales growth.
2025 Outlook
Alluding to the sectoral outlook for 2025, Altigreen Propulsion Labs Chief Executive Officer Amitabh Sharan noted, “The electric vehicle industry in India stands at a transformative crossroads in 2025, with the market projected to reach USD 235 billion by 2030 at a remarkable CAGR of 49 percent. The sector will witness remarkable growth (especially in commercial vehicles) in 2025, driven by a combination of TCO benefits, technological advancements for better quality vehicles and driveability, and changing consumer perception towards EVs. However, the road to widespread EV adoption will need to overcome significant challenges viz-a-viz innovative vehicle financing, urban charging infrastructure, consistency in policy and regulatory framework, supply-chain localisation (for price parity with ICE) and very importantly skill development through industry-academia partnerships.”
Revfin Founder Sameer Aggarwal said, “2024 has been a defining year for India’s automotive sector, marked by accelerated adoption of electric vehicles, advancements in sustainability, and the integration of innovative technologies. Building on this momentum, 2025 is expected to be a year for EV adoption. With an intensified focus on developing robust EV charging infrastructure and scaling up battery-swapping networks, transitioning to electric mobility will become more seamless for consumers. Coupled with innovative financing models and targeted efforts to reach underserved markets, the industry is set to overcome accessibility barriers and make sustainable mobility a reality for all. Collaboration between automakers, policymakers, and technology providers will ensure a cohesive ecosystem, enabling India to lead the way in sustainable and inclusive mobility solutions.”
Godawari Electric Motors Director Hyder Ali Khan noted, “As we look ahead to 2025, we are excited about the robust expansion of our Eblu product portfolio, catering to the evolving needs of our customers. Additionally, we have some promising public and private orders in the pipeline, which will further accelerate our growth trajectory. We remain committed to driving innovation and sustainability in the EV sector and look forward to continued collaboration with our stakeholders to shape a cleaner and greener future for mobility.”
Zypp Electric Chief Executive Officer Akash Gupta revealed plans for 2025 along with the sector outlook and stated, “Looking ahead to 2025, Zypp Electric is committed to deploying 200,000 electric vehicles across the country in the next 12-18 months and we will double down on innovation, fleet expansion and partnerships to meet growing demand. We will focus on bolstering EV charging infrastructure, enhancing intelligent fleet management, and contributing to India's net-zero goals. Together, we aim to revolutionise last-mile logistics and make green mobility the norm for businesses and communities alike.”
On the components front, Automotive Component Manufacturers Association Director General Vinnie Mehta averred, “The Indian auto component industry is poised for robust double-digit growth in FY25, driven by strategic efforts to reduce import dependence and bolster exports. The electric vehicle component segment is witnessing remarkable year-on-year growth, propelled by the surging demand for sustainable mobility solutions. Key drivers include advancements in electric powertrains and battery systems, supported by increased investments in localization, R&D, and progressive government policies. These developments underscore the industry’s commitment to innovation, self-reliance, and establishing India as a prominent global manufacturing hub."
As India furthers its journey towards carbon neutrality within the mobility sector, EV adoption is slated to accelerate even in the luxury car segment. According to a news report citing Federation of Automobile Dealers Associations, the luxury EV market grew by 6.7 percent in 2024 despite decline in sales. 
BMW witnessed the highest sales followed by Mercedes Benz India, Volvo, Audi and Porsche. 

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Hindustan Zinc has signed a 6-year transportation contract with MFL India for the deployment of 30 electric trucks to transport concentrate, expanding the electrification of its industrial logistics network in Rajasthan. The agreement includes an option to extend the term by an additional two years.

As per the contract, the electric trucks will replace diesel vehicles used for moving zinc and lead concentrate from the Rampura Agucha underground mining site to the company's smelting facilities. MFL India will establish and operate dedicated EV charging infrastructure along the transit route to support fleet operations and maintain transport schedules. The agreement incorporates a phased transition plan to integrate local drivers into the electric fleet operations.

Amarendu Prakash, CEO and Whole-time Director, Hindustan Zinc, said, "The future of mining will be defined not only by the metals we produce, but by how responsibly and efficiently we produce and move them. The contract for deployment of EV trucks for concentrate transportation is yet another step towards that future, demonstrating how industrial decarbonisation can strengthen competitiveness while creating an ecosystem in which our partners and communities grow with us."

Anil Thukral, Chairman and MD, MFL India, said, "We are proud to partner with Hindustan Zinc in advancing the transition to cleaner industrial logistics. This deployment demonstrates how electric mobility can be effectively integrated into large-scale transportation networks, supported by the right charging infrastructure and operational planning. Together, we are building a scalable model for sustainable logistics that delivers both environmental benefits and long-term operational value."

In FY2026, Hindustan Zinc added 42 electric vehicles to its operational fleet, bringing its alternative-fuel logistics inventory to 232 vehicles, comprising 52 electric vehicles and 180 LNG-powered vehicles.

The company previously introduced battery electric vehicles for underground operations at its Sindesar Khurd Mine in Rajpura Dariba. The fleet conversion forms part of Hindustan Zinc's target to achieve net-zero emissions by 2050, alongside increasing its renewable power consumption share to nearly 22 per cent.

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India's vehicle market is showing signs of a broader powertrain shift with consumers increasingly looking beyond conventional petrol vehicles towards CNG, hybrids and electric vehicles.

While electric mobility continues to gain ground, the latest retail data from the Federation of Automobile Dealers Associations (FADA) suggest that concerns around the transition to E20 fuel are emerging as one of the factors influencing consumer choices.

FADA's July and August 2026 data show the pace of change. In July, electric vehicle retail sales surged 66.2 percent year-on-year to 3,27,901 units, taking EV penetration to around 12.7 percent of total vehicle retail. Electric two-wheelers crossed the two-lakh mark for the first time with 2,04,362 units sold, giving EVs an 11.2 percent share of two-wheeler retail.

Electric passenger vehicles also recorded strong growth with sales rising 83.1 percent year-on-year to 32,928 units and EVs accounting for 7.9 percent of passenger-vehicle retail.

More significant, however, was the broader change in the passenger-vehicle powertrain mix. CNG, hybrids and EVs together accounted for 40.59 percent of PV retail in July, narrowing the gap with petrol or ethanol vehicles, which had a 41.68 percent share. CNG alone accounted for 24.67 percent, hybrids 8.02 percent and EVs 7.90 percent.

FADA attributed part of this shift to consumer hesitation around the E20 transition, alongside running-cost considerations.

The trend became even more pronounced in August. EV retail stood at 2,98,448 units, representing 52.9 percent year-on-year growth, while overall EV penetration increased to 12.3 percent compared with 9.5 percent a year earlier.

Electric two-wheelers remained the principal driver with 1,83,204 units sold during the month. Their penetration reached 10.68 percent, taking the segment decisively beyond the 10 percent mark.

The three-wheeler segment is even further along in electrification with EVs accounting for 65.3 percent of retail sales in August. Electric passenger-vehicle sales increased 51.89 percent year-on-year to 30,696 units, giving EVs a 7.6 percent share of the passenger-vehicle market. Electric commercial vehicles recorded the sharpest growth with 4,702 units, up 188.3 percent year-on-year.

The August numbers also produced a significant milestone for the wider alternative-powertrain market. CNG, LPG, hybrids and EVs together accounted for 41.95 percent of passenger-vehicle retail, overtaking petrol or ethanol at 40.85 percent.

That milestone, however, should not be interpreted as EVs overtaking petrol. EVs alone accounted for only 7.63 percent of PV retail. The data instead indicate that consumers are increasingly spreading their choices across several alternatives to conventional petrol.

E20 adds another layer to the decision

The E20 transition has become part of that consumer calculus. India's move towards petrol containing up to 20 percent ethanol has raised questions among some consumers about vehicle compatibility, fuel economy and long-term ownership costs, particularly for older vehicles.

FADA president Sai Giridhar has pointed to E20-related hesitation alongside running-cost economics as factors contributing to the shift towards alternative powertrains. The association's data, however, do not establish E20 as the sole cause of the increase in EV adoption.

Instead, the evidence points towards several forces operating simultaneously including higher fuel costs, improving EV range, expanding charging infrastructure, greater availability of electric models and growing awareness of the economics of electric ownership.

Alluding to the same, Bengaluru-based ReadyAssist Chief Executive Officer Vimal Singh noted that the growth in EV sales also means that India's mobility ecosystem needs to evolve alongside the vehicles themselves.

“India’s EV transition is gaining significant momentum with the latest FADA retail data showing 2,98,448 electric vehicles sold in August 2026, marking a 52.9 percent year-on-year growth and taking overall EV penetration to 12.3 percent, up from 9.5 percent a year ago. Electric two-wheelers have also crossed the 10 percent mark accounting for 10.68 percent of two-wheeler retail,” he noted.

Singh said the next stage of EV adoption would require greater attention to the ownership ecosystem including charging, connectivity and roadside assistance.

“As electric mobility continues to grow, the focus is also expanding towards building a strong ecosystem that supports consumers throughout their ownership journey. Alongside advances in vehicle technology, charging infrastructure and connectivity, dependable roadside support can play an important role in giving customers greater confidence on everyday journeys,” Singh stated.

He added that technology-enabled roadside assistance, remote diagnostics and trained EV service networks could become increasingly important as the electric vehicle population expands.

“The next phase of India’s EV journey will benefit from closer collaboration between OEMs, roadside assistance providers, charging networks, insurers and other mobility platforms,” he added.

Commercial mobility dimension

The shift is also becoming visible beyond private vehicles. Tata Motors Commercial Vehicles stated in a release that it has sold more than 17,000 electric small commercial vehicles, while receiving 900-plus e-truck orders.

Its electric-bus fleet stands at around 3,800 buses operating across 10 cities, which have cumulatively covered more than 59 crore kilometres. The company also said that 32 depots have been electrified.

Its electric commercial-vehicle portfolio spans last-mile logistics, freight and mass mobility. The company's e-SCV portfolio includes the Intra EV Pickup, Ace Pro EV, Ace EV 1000 and Ace EV, while its electric truck range extends across 7-, 9- and 12-tonne configurations and includes the Prima E.55S and Prima E.28K tipper.

Tata Motors said its e-SCV sales doubled year-on-year in FY26. It has also built out an ecosystem around financing and charging with more than 28 EV-focused financing solutions and partnerships with charging-point operators. Its stated network includes more than 25,000 charging stations with an additional 1,300-plus stations planned as part of its FY27 expansion.

The commercial-vehicle experience illustrates why EV adoption cannot be measured purely by passenger-car sales. For high-utilisation fleets, fuel savings and predictable operating routes can make electrification economically attractive, while charging and service infrastructure become critical to keeping vehicles productive.

For India's automotive industry, the significance of the current shift may ultimately lie less in the immediate replacement of petrol vehicles and more in the fact that consumers now have an increasingly diverse set of powertrain choices.

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Chinese technology company Xiaomi Auto has unveiled its SkyNomad SUV series at its autumn flagship launch event, introducing four extended-range electric models built on the company's Kunlun technical architecture. The lineup spans five-seat and seven-seat configurations, with prices ranging from CNY 209,900 to CNY 299,900.

The entry-level SkyNomad N70 Pro five-seat model is priced at CNY 209,900, while the all-wheel-drive N70 Max variant costs CNY 239,900. The seven-seat N90 Max flagship is priced at CNY 269,900, and the range-topping N90 Max Studio variant retails for CNY 299,900.

The N70 series measures 4,960 mm in length, 1,998 mm in width and has a 2,950 mm wheelbase. Built on a flat-floor platform with a 2.95-degree incline and 1.56-metre sliding seat rails, the interior offers up to 1,410 mm of second-row legroom and cargo capacity expanding from 1,203 litres to 2,425 litres.

Powering the N70 Pro is a 52 kWh lithium iron phosphate battery providing a 351-kilometre pure-electric CLTC range and 1,351-kilometre combined range. The N70 Max utilises a dual-motor setup paired with a 76 kWh ternary lithium battery, delivering 505 kilometres of electric range and 1,461 kilometres overall.

The larger N90 Max measures 5,285 mm in length with a 3,080 mm wheelbase and features a 2+2+3 seating arrangement. Equipped with a 76 kWh battery and all-wheel drive, it achieves a zero to 100 kmph acceleration time of 5.9 seconds, a 464-kilometre electric CLTC range and a total range of up to 1,705 kilometres. Depleted-battery fuel consumption is rated at 6.26 litres per 100 kilometres on the WLTC cycle.

The N90 Max Studio variant incorporates an electric lifting cabin roof that increases interior standing height to 2,294 mm, creating an upper loft sleeping area measuring 2,110 mm by 985 mm. The second-row seating converts into a 1.87-metre by 1.24-metre flat bed. The cabin includes heated composite aluminium flooring, an 11.5-inch vanity mirror, a 20-litre storage cabinet and a 30-inch projection screen setup.

Across the lineup, safety and electronic hardware includes high-strength steel and aluminium construction, up to 12 airbags, NVIDIA Thor-U assisted driving processors delivering 700 TOPS of computing power, LiDAR units, and third-generation Snapdragon 8 cockpit platforms. The vehicles support 92, 95 and 98 octane fuel grades for their range-extender engines.

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Pune-headquartered electric vehicle manufacturer Kinetic EV has launched the upgraded DX and DX+ electric scooters, featuring a 3.1 kWh lithium iron phosphate (LFP) battery pack on the flagship DX+ variant.

The e-scooter incorporates electric powertrain updates and convenience features into the metal body structure of the original DX platform.

The DX+ 3.1 kWh variant features a 3.8 kW peak-power hub-mounted BLDC motor paired with the LFP battery, achieving an Indian Driving Cycle (IDC) certified range of up to 132 kilometres per charge. The e-scooter includes two riding modes – Range and Power – alongside the K-Coast energy regeneration system for power recovery during deceleration. The company claims it can be charged from zero to 80 percent in approximately three hours and features an integrated charging cable mechanism.

In terms of dimension, the Kinetic DX has 1,315 mm wheelbase, 165 mm ground clearance and 12-inch tubeless tyres at both ends. Braking is managed by a 220 mm front disc brake and a 130 mm rear drum brake. The e-scooter provides a 714 mm seat length, 37 litres of under-seat storage space, IP67-rated water and dust protection, park assist with reverse function and onboard telematics.

The Kinetic DX 3 kWh variant can be had for INR 118,599 and INR 127,650 for the Kinetic DX+ 3.1 kWh model, which includes the integrated charging cable and telematics package.

The DX+ is available in five colour options – Black, Silver, Blue, White and Red, while the standard DX comes in Black and Silver. Purchase promotions for the launch period include price reductions of up to INR 3,000, extended warranty packages, Amazon cashback and subsidy benefits under the PM E-DRIVE initiative.

Ajinkya Firodia, Managing Director and Vice-Chairman, Kinetic EV, said, "The DX has always stood for practicality, reliability and a design that connects with generations of Indian consumers. With the new 3.1 kWh LFP battery, we are taking that familiar experience a step forward by offering greater range, enhanced performance and greater confidence for everyday riding. The upgraded DX+ brings together the strengths of our iconic design with modern electric technology and thoughtful features, making the transition to electric mobility even more practical and appealing for Indian customers."

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