In most cases, it is actually sufficient to look at the ECU’s inputs and outputs to functionally test a component (Figure 1). However, this becomes difficult when state machines are used in the ECU. Their current states can only be derived indirectly by their effects at the ECU’s outputs. In the case of sensors whose values are not transmitted over the network system, it is also very difficult for the test engineer to localize errors to the software interface. From outside the ECU, it is not clear exactly where the sensor value was incorrectly processed.

Different methods that offer access to internal ECU data are used, depending on the phase of ECU development. In early phases, for example, internal ECU values are often output in so-called “reserved development messages” (Figure 1). For the functional developer at a supplier, this is an effective and quick method that precisely targets a specific objective. However, these supplemental messages must be removed for later development phases, especially for system integration and series production. They induce additional bus load, and in the worst case they might even collide with messages of other system components. Another way to access internal values is through diagnostics (Figure 1). Some information is available directly via diagnostics, e.g. diagnostics offers access to fault memory. Special diagnostic services are also provided to read the required values from memory. The advantage here is that a standardized access method is used. The only precondition is full integration of the diagnostic driver; this is generally provided in today’s ECUs. The disadvantage of this method is that a lot of unnecessary diagnostic protocol information is transmitted along with the actual measured values, and this adds load to the network system interface. A data flow analysis of many values is not possible, especially since the measured values do not contain time stamp information.

XCP For Test Access

If network interface load needs to be kept low, an alternative is to use a calibration protocol. Originally, such protocols were developed for the ECU calibrator. They let calibrators modify parameters or characteristic maps in the ECU to optimize their algorithms. With the XCP protocol standardized by ASAM, the user can read individual values directly from the ECU as needed. The protocol can also periodically supply a defined set of measured values from the ECU via so-called Data Acquisition (DAQ) lists. The XCP protocol was defined for efficient provision of data over the network medium. As an example, after configuration the DAQ lists can be transmitted in response to a single identifier from the test system. In addition, measurement times of the DAQ lists can be synchronized to internal ECU processes. Automated test systems place similar requirements on the system. Use of the XCP protocol makes it possible to integrate internal values in test sequences without excessive loading of the ECU or the network system used. Another reason that a widely used standard like XCP is ideal is that it is very easy to configure in the tool chain. All necessary information is already in the A2L file such as internal program memory locations with their names and communication parameters. Depending on the development environment, the A2L file is either automatically generated, or it may need to be generated in a separate step from the linker-map information. In the test tool, the user only has to configure this file once for each ECU used in the test. In a second step, the user selects the symbols needed for the test sequences from the A2L file.

CANoe Option .AMD/XCP

Option .AMD/XCP supplements the CANoe test tool from Vector with the convenient option of reading and writing internal ECU values. Besides supporting the XCP standard, it also supports the previous protocol CCP. Once the A2L file has been configured and the necessary values selected, CANoe automatically acquires them and maps them as system variables. The user can then use these variables in any of the testing tasks. Besides offering access to ECU inputs and outputs, they also provide an in-depth look into the ECU’s memory (Figure 2).

In simple analysis tasks, users can display the data in the Trace or Graphic Window and use panels to evaluate the results. For more complex test sequences, CANoe’s Test Feature Set offers extensive options for creating test cases and automatically evaluating them. For example, this enables checking of the Network Management state machine for correct functionality. The necessary stimulation is performed in the CANoe rest-of-bus simulation, and the ECU’s reaction is not just measurable on the network; it is directly measurable in the ECU over XCP. The effort required to execute test cases is also significantly reduced, e.g. for test cases that require sensors. The test system writes the sensor values directly to memory cells in the ECU over XCP. This eliminates the need to connect and control original sensors at the ECU inputs – a demanding task. The ECU is notified that the sensor and associated hardware driver have measured the values correctly. The same approach can be used in the other direction. Here it is assumed that the output stage and actuator have been tested and accepted. In this case, the test system measures the value that the application prescribes to the driver stage over XCP.

Access With Large Quantities Of Data

If large quantities of data need to be exchanged between the test system and the ECU in a test case, or if especially quick processes need to be monitored, an XCP connection over a CAN network is no longer effective. In such cases, direct access to the ECU’s debug interfaces is recommended. This could be implemented via a NEXUS or JTAG interface, for example. These protocols directly access the ECU memory − partly without load on the microcontroller. Taking this approach, the user can quickly read out very large quantities of data from the system without loading the network and the ECU.

Vector VX hardware, for example, offers direct access to an ECU’s NEXUS or JTAG interface (Figure 2). Since this hardware communicates with the test system via XCP-on-Ethernet, integration in CANoe is as easy as integration for XCP access over CAN. Combining VX hardware with the CANoe test system further improves test system performance, without any negative effects on the communication medium. (MT)

NB: Oliver Falkner is group leader at Vector in product management of the Networks and Distributed Systems product line. Views expressed are personal.

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Daimler Truck, the Volvo Group, Cellcentric, and Toyota Motor Corporation have signed a binding agreement for Toyota to join Cellcentric as an equal partner and shareholder. Under the terms of the deal, each owner will hold a one-third stake in the joint venture.

The binding contract follows a non-binding agreement signed in March. Completion of the transaction is expected by the end-2026 or early-2027 and remains subject to regulatory approvals.

Through the partnership, the companies intend to expand Cellcentric’s technological lead, industrial scale and competitiveness in fuel cell systems for heavy-duty commercial applications. The partners also plan to work with industry associations and entities across the hydrogen value chain to support hydrogen supply and infrastructure development.

Cellcentric will continue to operate as an independent company, supplying heavy-duty on-road and off-road transport, as well as applications such as coaches, stationary power generation, rail and heavy off-highway equipment.

Daimler Truck, the Volvo Group and Toyota Motor Corporation will continue to compete independently across all other business areas.

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InfiMotion hosted the launch event for the Geely 16-in-1 intelligent electric drive system at its headquarters in Wuxi on July 16. The electric drive system is scheduled for debut in the Geely Galaxy TT series.

The company operates research and development (R&D) centres in Wuxi, Shanghai, Ningbo, Hangzhou and Gothenburg, supported by a testing facility featuring a 30,000 rpm motor test bench and five production bases in China. InfiMotion supplies electric drive solutions to automotive brands including Geely, Volvo and Jaguar Land Rover.

Joe, CEO of InfiMotion, highlighted InfiMotion’s global R&D footprint spanning Wuxi, Shanghai, Ningbo, Hangzhou and Gothenburg, Sweden. More than 1,000 engineers, including over 100 specialists in Sweden, work collaboratively through a cloud‑based development platform, enabling synchronised hardware, software and algorithm development across continents.

“Global collaboration is not simply about working across different locations – it is about moving at the same pace. Our development process is built around real‑world global driving conditions, from sustained high‑speed operation on Germany’s unrestricted highways, to sub‑zero cold starts in the Nordic region, and continuous high‑load performance in Southeast Asia’s hot and humid climate,” said Joe. 

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Epson, a global leader in SCARA robot manufacturing, has unveiled its next-generation industrial robotics portfolio at Automation Expo Mumbai 2026. The newly introduced lineup features the high-end CX-A Series 6-axis robots, the LS-C Series SCARA robots, the RC+ 8.0 programming software and the advanced SafeSense safety technology, all designed to address diverse manufacturing applications such as pick-and-place, precision assembly, parts transfer and material handling.

The new offerings significantly expand Epson’s existing industrial robotics family, which already includes the 6-axis C-Series and SCARA T-Series and LS-Series models with payloads ranging from 3 to 20 kilogrammes. With the addition of the CX-A and LS-C Series, manufacturers across various sectors can achieve heightened productivity, flexibility and operational efficiency. The CX-A Series is engineered for complex tasks with a payload capacity of up to seven kilogrammes and a reach of 900 millimetres, available in IP67, cleanroom and ESD variants, while the LS-C Series provides a compact SCARA platform with a 50-kilogramme payload, a 1,000-millimetre reach and cycle times as fast as 0.298 seconds.

Complementing the hardware, the RC+ 8.0 software offers an integrated environment for programming, simulation and system management, facilitating faster automation deployment with support for Visual Studio and C++ development. Additional efficiency features include enhanced diagnostics, OPC UA, GUI builder and safety functions, alongside co-creation tools like Library Builder and RC+ Extension. Meanwhile, the SafeSense technology promotes safer human-robot collaboration by incorporating Safety Limited Speed and Safety Limited Position functions, which can potentially reduce the need for extensive safety fencing and thereby increase operational flexibility.

With over four decades of industrial robotics expertise and more than 200,000 robotic arms deployed globally, Epson continues to drive operational excellence for businesses. Attendees at Automation Expo Mumbai 2026 have the opportunity to view live demonstrations of these solutions and consult with Epson specialists about transforming their manufacturing operations.

Siva Kumar, Sr General Manager – Sales and Marketing, Epson India, said, "India is rapidly emerging as a global manufacturing hub, and automation will play a pivotal role in shaping its future. With our new industrial robot lineup and RC+ 8.0 platform, Epson is delivering the speed, precision and intelligence manufacturers need to compete in an increasingly dynamic marketplace. We remain committed to enabling businesses to accelerate automation adoption and build smarter, more agile and globally competitive manufacturing operations."

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The Hyundai Motor India Foundation, the corporate social responsibility (CSR) arm of Hyundai Motor India, has launched Samarth UnnATi in association with the AssisTech Foundation in Gurugram.

The initiative provides grant support of INR 7.5 million to assist startups developing assistive technology solutions for persons with disabilities. It focuses on capacity building, mentorship, investor linkages and market access.

Gopalakrishnan C S, Trustee, Hyundai Motor India Foundation, said, “At Hyundai, we believe that accessibility and innovation are powerful enablers of inclusion and progress. Through ‘Samarth by Hyundai’, we are committed to creating opportunities that empower persons with disabilities to participate more independently and confidently in society. The Samarth UnnATi – AT start-up scaleup program is an important step towards strengthening Assistive Technology ecosystem by supporting innovators who are developing impactful solutions to address real-world accessibility challenges. Through our partnership with AssisTech Foundation, we aim to accelerate the adoption of assistive technologies and help build a more inclusive society.”

Prateek Madhav, CEO and Co-Founder, AssisTech Foundation (ATF), said, “By 2050, the need for assistive products in the global population is estimated to increase to 3.5 billion (UNICEF Global Report on Assistive Technology). To reach this breadth, innovation cannot be a standalone phenomenon. It must be nurtured, deployed at scale and reach the people who need it the most. Samarth UnnATi is the engine that drives this, bringing together these largely disparate efforts toward a more cohesive approach.”

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