The Union Budget 2025-26 has been widely welcomed by industry leaders, particularly for its transformative impact on the electric mobility and start-up ecosystems. Key highlights include the exemption of basic customs duty (BCD) on 35 capital goods critical for EV battery manufacturing and tax exemptions on essential materials like lithium and cobalt, significantly lowering production costs and promoting local supply chains.
The budget also emphasised boosting the MSME sector through increased credit access and skill development, alongside measures supporting startups, gig workers and cleantech manufacturing. Investments in infrastructure, public-private partnerships and tax relief for the middle class are expected to stimulate consumer spending and economic growth.
Overall, the budget is seen as a strong step toward making India a global leader in sustainable mobility, innovation and self-reliant manufacturing.
Partner and Automotive Tax Leader at EY India Saurabh Agarwal noted, “The proposed income tax cuts could boost the middle class's spending power, potentially increasing demand for two-wheelers, three-wheelers, and small cars. Further, the government's commitment to fostering a sustainable automotive ecosystem is clearly demonstrated through its strategic initiatives, which are poised to deliver substantial benefits to the EV industry. The budget astutely emphasizes the complete exemption of Basic Customs Duty (BCD) on cobalt powder and waste, scrap of lithium-ion battery, lead, zinc, zirconium, copper, etc. These pivotal measures are designed to ensure a reliable domestic supply of essential critical minerals for manufacturing and to stimulate job creation across India.”
The Central Government has significantly increased budgetary allocations with PME E-Drive receiving INR 40 billion, auto PLI being bolstered by INR 22.18 billion and advanced chemistry cell PLI benefiting from an infusion of INR 1.55 billion. 
Commenting on the newly introduced budget, Mercedes-Benz India Managing Director Santosh Iyer said, “India has long been regarded as a niche garden with high fences; however, this budget is expected not only to enrich the garden by stimulating consumption and strengthening MSME sector, but also lowering the fences through tariff rationalisation and adoption of international practices on transfer pricing, with a clear commitment to enhanced global trade integration. This will send a strong positive signal to the industry, reinforcing confidence in the ‘India Growth Story’, paving the way for sustained investment and future expansion. The announcement of setting up of National Manufacturing Mission’s for clean technology manufacturing and support to domestic EV battery manufacturing is a positive step towards strengthening EV ecosystem. We also welcome the setting up of a high-level committee to evaluate regulatory reforms which will enhance ease of doing business in long term.”
Volkswagen India Brand Director Ashish Gupta, averred, “The Union Budget presents a forward-thinking roadmap for strengthening India’s manufacturing ecosystem with a clear emphasis on clean technology, skill development and infrastructure growth. By prioritizing these areas, along with manufacturing, India is advancing toward a circular economy—where investments, innovation, and sustainable practices drive long-term growth. Infrastructure growth through public-private partnerships and capital expenditure incentives will pave the way for India to become a globally competitive manufacturing hub.” 
Commercial vehicle players have also lauded the budget. Ashok Leyland Executive Chairman Dheeraj Hinduja noted, “The finance minister has presented a clear, growth-driven budget that aligns with the Prime Minister’s vision of fostering a competitive and resilient India with inclusive growth by investing in people, economy and innovation. Additionally, the government's strong commitment to green mobility is expected to create new avenues for innovation and growth across the country.”
Daimler India Commercial Vehicles Managing Director Satyakam Arya iterated, “The Union Budget 2025-26 will be a game changer for India and the mobility sector, helping us become a global leader in EV manufacturing and sustainable transportation. The emphasis on localising battery production will create technological advancements and generate more jobs. Also, with mining identified as one of the six domain areas for transformative reforms and the introduction of the State Mining Index, we see major growth potential for the sector in the coming years.”
EKA Mobility Chairman Sudhir Mehta said, “These different programmes demonstrate a strong commitment to sustainability, innovation and greater industrial competitiveness, setting the framework for transformative progress in a variety of critical sectors. The nation's energy revolution will be dependent on funding for small modular reactors and the government's target of 100 gigawatts of nuclear power by 2047. Long-term growth can be solidified by financial agreements that allow governments to expand their borrowing capacity, as well as indirect taxation initiatives targeted at increasing domestic value creation.” 
Two-wheeler industry
In a move to avoid protectionist signals, the government has reduced import duties on high-end motorcycles. This decision aligns with India's commitment to lowering trade barriers and could influence the premium motorcycle segment.
With electric mobility remaining the focus point of the automotive sector, the budget has made pivotal efforts for bolstering manufacturing. Drawing on that, companies operating in the EV two-wheeler space has welcomed the developments with open arms. 
Kolkata-based Motovolt Mobility Founder Tushar Choudhary said, “"The recent budget has delivered a promising outlook for India’s electric vehicle industry, especially with the reduction in BCD on capital goods related to EV manufacturing. This move will help lower production costs, making EVs more affordable for consumers and encouraging higher sales. Aligned with the National Manufacturing Mission, the budget’s focus on rationalising customs tariffs signals the government's intent to localize high-value production and reduce dependency on imports. Additionally, the exemption on critical minerals like lithium is a significant step toward easing the supply of vital components for EV batteries, further lowering costs and boosting domestic manufacturing. Efforts to localize EV components like batteries, motors and controllers will help reduce upfront costs which would further strengthen India’s EV Ecosystem giving the EV sector the ability to penetrate the Indian markets.”
Chennai-based high performance EV two-wheeler manufacturer Raptee HV’s Co-founder Dinesh Arjun said, “The Finance Minister’s focus on nurturing and investing in innovation is a commendable step toward accelerating new technologies that will shape our future. The allocation of a Deep Tech Fund will further strengthen India’s industrial ecosystem, fostering a globally competitive, tech-driven economy.”
Drawing on the same lines, Revamp Moto Chief Executive Officer Pritesh Mahajan said, “"The National Manufacturing Mission’s support for clean tech manufacturing is a game-changer for India's sustainable future. I firmly believe that this initiative will accelerate the growth of domestic EV battery and solar panel production, reducing our reliance on imports while strengthening India's position as a global leader in green technology. The additional INR 100 billion investment underscores the government’s commitment to fostering innovation, job creation and energy security.”
Welcoming the budget, Odysse Electric Founder Nemin Vora said, “We appreciate the Union Budget 2025, which underscores the government's commitment to fostering economic growth and empowering citizens. The adoption of progressive policies, particularly within the existing tax framework, is a key step in enhancing disposable income and driving consumer spending. This decision will significantly impact consumer-driven sectors, especially the two-wheeler industry. With more disposable income in the hands of consumers—particularly the middle class—purchasing power is set to rise. As a result, more individuals will be encouraged to invest in personal mobility solutions like two-wheelers.”
Associates talk
The boost towards electric mobility is also poised to impact the entire ecosystem. DriveX Founder Narain Karthikeyan noted, “The 2025 Budget is a strong step towards inclusive economic growth, bringing significant benefits across all sections of society. The increase in MSME turnover limits, along with enhanced credit access and intensive skill-development programmes will fuel entrepreneurship, business expansion and youth employment. We also welcome the government’s recognition of the gig economy, with steps to regularise support for gig workers and improve their access to credit facilities. With enhanced credit guarantee cover for MSMEs and startups, particularly in focus sectors crucial for Atmanirbhar Bharat, the budget lays a strong foundation for sustained growth and economic resilience.”
Commenting on the same lines, Taabi Mobility Limited Chief Executive Officer Pali Tripathi said, “The transformation of India Post into a large-scale logistics network, along with greater accessibility to PM Gati Shakti data for the private sector, will significantly enhance connectivity, particularly in hinterland regions. These initiatives will drive smarter freight management, optimise last-mile delivery, and make transportation more seamless and sustainable.”
On the aggregator front Rapido Chief Financial Officer Vivek Krishna said, “The Union Budget 2025-26 has proposed a review of both financial and non-financial sector regulations that are expected to help businesses perform better with lesser compliances. It reflects a bold vision for Viksit Bharat, one that empowers the gig economy, promotes sustainable mobility, and catalyses digital innovation. We welcome the social security scheme and healthcare support announced for gig workers. The e-shram portal registration and the PM Jan Arogya Yojana will be a game-changer in prioritising the well-being of gig workers, including our captains. It’s also encouraging to see the government’s effort in promoting green mobility by incentivising local EV component manufacturing.” 
Alluding to how the manufacturing push will bolster the electric mobility segment, Kinetic Engineering Managing Director Ajinkya Firodia said, “These steps noted in budget will significantly enhance India’s position as a global hub for electric mobility and clean energy technologies. In addition, the focus on expanding charging infrastructure, incentivising electric buses for public transport and ramping up domestic battery production marks a decisive move in India’s EV revolution. The continued subsidies under the FAME scheme will make EVs more affordable and accessible to consumers. This strong policy push not only paves the way for rapid adoption of EVs but will also create jobs, reduce dependence on fossil fuels and position India as a global leader in sustainable transportation.”
Drawing on the same lines, Tata Technologies Managing Director Warren Harris said, “The establishment of five National Centres of Excellence for Skilling is a pivotal move in building a future-ready workforce. This initiative resonates with our commitment to engineering a better future for India's youth through investment in in-demand training programs across Industry 4.0, IoT, and advanced manufacturing and collaborating with state governments to upgrade ITIs into technology hubs.”
TapFin Co-founder Aditya Singh said, “The budget’s emphasis on cleantech manufacturing, including incentives for electric vehicle batteries and the additional 10 GW support for grid-scale batteries, signals a significant shift for India’s electric mobility sector. Strengthening domestic production will foster innovation, reduce dependence on imports, and open new growth opportunities.”

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Automotive wholesales for May 2025 showcased a dynamic landscape for the Indian automotive industry, with OEMs experiencing distinct sales trajectories. From significant growth in the two-wheeler segment to some PV makers facing headwinds, the month provided an indicative picture of shifting consumer preferences and market conditions.

Hero MotoCorp, the world's largest manufacturer of motorcycles and scooters, dispatched 507,701 motorcycles and scooters in May 2025, showing both sequential and annual growth. The company maintained strong market momentum with 500,000 VAHAN registrations.

Hero MotoCorp's global retail performance also showed robust momentum, particularly in Bangladesh and Colombia, with exports maintaining a steady trajectory. The electric vehicle brand, VIDA, powered by Hero MotoCorp, delivered growth with dispatches of 8,361 units and 7,161 VAHAN registrations for the VIDA V2 electric scooter range, achieving a 7.2 percent VAHAN market share.

Honda Motorcycle & Scooter India (HMSI) recorded total sales of 465,115 units in May 2025. Domestic sales for HMSI stood at 417,256 units. The company's exports contributed 47,859 units to the total sales figure.

TVS Motor Company demonstrated impressive overall sales growth in May 2025, increasing by 17 percent to 431,275 units from 369,914 units in May 2024. Domestic two-wheeler sales registered growth of 14 percent, increasing from 271,140 units in May 2024 to 309,287 units in May 2025. Motorcycle sales saw a 22 percent increase to 211,505 units, scooter sales grew by 15 percent to 166,749 units and electric vehicle sales surged by 50 percent to 27,976 units. The company's international business (exports) also saw growth of 22 percent.

Royal Enfield experienced a significant surge in May 2025, posting monthly sales of 89,429 motorcycles, marking a robust 26 percent increase compared to the same month last year. The company's domestic sales contributed significantly to this performance. A key driver for this growth was the outstanding performance in exports, which soared by 82 percent to 13,609 motorcycles, up from 7,479 units in May 2024.

Maruti Suzuki India, the country’s largest passenger vehicle maker, reported total sales of 180,077 units in May 2025, demonstrating a 3.17 percent growth compared to 174,551 units sold in May 2024. Domestic sales, including Light Commercial Vehicles (LCV), stood at 138,690 units, experiencing a 5.46 percent decline from 146,694 units in May 2024. Sales to other OEMs also saw a marginal dip of 3.07 percent, reaching 10,168 units in May 2025. Conversely, exports surged by 79.76 percent YoY, totalling 31,219 units in May 2025 compared to 17,367 units in May 2024. Within passenger vehicles, while the Mini and Compact segment saw a decrease in sales, the Utility Vehicles segment demonstrated slight growth.

Tata Motors presented a contrasting picture, with total sales in the domestic and international markets for May 2025 standing at 70,187 units, a decline from 76,766 units in May 2024. Domestic sales for Tata Motors were 67,429 units, with Commercial Vehicle (CV) domestic sales at 25,872 units (a 9 percent year-on-year decrease) and Passenger Vehicle (PV) sales at 42,040 units (an 11 percent decline). In terms of international business for commercial vehicles (CV IB), Tata Motors saw a significant increase of 87 percent to 2,275 units.

Hyundai Motor India (HMIL) reported total monthly sales of 58,701 units in May 2025. Domestic sales for HMIL were 43,861 units. The company noted that the availability of some critical models was impacted due to a scheduled biannual plant maintenance shutdown during the month. Export sales for HMIL reached 14,840 units.

Mahindra & Mahindra, the SUV specialist, reported robust sales performance in May 2025, with overall auto sales reaching 84,110 vehicles, marking a significant 17 percent YoY growth. This was largely driven by the Utility Vehicles (UV) segment, which saw domestic sales rise by 21 percent to 52,431 units, contributing to a total of 54,819 UVs sold including exports. The commercial vehicles segment also performed well domestically, recording 21,392 units. Exports saw exceptional growth, surging by 37 percent to 3,652 units in May 2025.

Toyota Kirloskar Motor (TKM) continued its positive sales momentum in May 2025, reporting a total of 30,864 units sold, a 22 percent growth over May 2024. Domestic sales played a crucial role, reaching 29,280 units. The company also contributed to exports with 1,584 units.

Kia India maintained its strong growth trajectory for the fifth consecutive month in May 2025, dispatching 22,315 vehicles in the domestic market. This performance reflects a healthy 14.43 percent year-on-year growth when compared to the 19,500 units sold in May 2024.

Ashok Leyland saw a 5 percent increase in its total domestic vehicle sales in May 2025, reaching 14,534 units, up from 13,852 units in May 2024. This growth was primarily driven by its Medium and Heavy Commercial Vehicle (M&HCV) segment, with M&HCV Trucks increasing by 12 percent to 7,466 units and M&HCV Buses growing by 1 percent to 1,920 units. Light Commercial Vehicle (LCV) domestic sales experienced a slight decrease of 3 percent to 5,148 units.

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Reporting a revenue of over INR 500 billion for the first time, up 12 percent year-on-year, on the basis of automobiles are spares in FY25, Bajaj Auto Ltd has revealed that volumes rose seven percent YoY during the respective period with a strong performance in the first half and a relatively soft performance in the second half.

Observing a solid rebound (double digit volume and revenue growth) in exports, the Pune-based company earned an all-time high EBITDA of INR 101 billion, up 14 percent YoY. PAT also hit a new record at over INR 80 billion. With a revenue of around INR 55 billion from electric vehicles (20 percent of its domestic), the company, with a full PLI certified portfolio, underlined its organisation agility and adaptability with significantly improved unit economics in a journey spanning over the last three years.

With the refreshed Duke 200/250 and the new Adventure 390, the KTM portfolio of Bajaj Auto experienced strong momentum in FY25. Also the Triumph motorcycle portfolio with sales up 60 percent YoY. The KTM and Triumph motorcycles sold one lakh units domestically

The commercial vehicles portfolio of the company comprising mainly of three-wheelers saw a revenue increase of over INR 100 billion. It combined the tradition ICE vehicle business and the newly developed electric vehicle business. The launch of GoGo electric three-wheeler and a wide network of over 850 dealerships helped to increase the momentum.

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Disruptive events such as the Red Sea crisis and the Russia-Ukraine war have caused a need to have a closer look at the role of Chief Financial Officers (CFOs). A renewed approach demands that CFOs act as a change catalyst within the automotive supply chain to tackle future hurdles. To ensure stability in the Indian automotive industry filled with technological advancements, especially in alternative energy vehicles, CFOs are acting as co-pilots of transformation in the Indian automotive supply chain, opined Former Additional Secretary of the Department of Commerce, Government of India, Anand Swarup, during the ACMA CFO and Supply Chain Conference on 28 May 2025, in New Delhi.

The event brought to the forefront discussions on how the role of CFO’s has been changing over the year and saw participation from speakers from different organisations, including Maruti Suzuki India CFO Arnab Roy, among others. 

The speakers highlighted the evolution of customer demands, market dynamics and innovation due to the volatile business environment. Speaking at the event, Partner and National Auto Tax Leader at EY India, Saurabh Agarwal, said, “The CFO no longer works as an accountant, but dons multiple hats such as a risk manager and a strategic partner for resilience.”

“The leader must focus on execution and being agile in a dynamic environment to build strong relationships with other departments and ensure faster time to market. Staying agile will help an OEM to better handle changing customer demands and be able to introduce new features and variants faster,” he added.

Enumerating how flexibility helps the CFO devise strategies for optimising auto production, managing risks and adapting to supply chain disruptions, Roy said, “Real-time decisions must be made in today’s volatile world. As a result, the CFO’s role is now expanding to cover a gamut of subjects such as sustainability, location strategy and choice of appliances. Since we are within a multi-dimensional environment at present, the CFO’s role is moving from a cost controller to a continuity architect.”

Further describing the changing role of a CFO in a volatile uncertain complex and ambiguous world, it was discussed that CFOs must act as change catalyst in the automotive supply chain. While enumerating the above, Anant Swarup said, “The CFOs are not naysayers and their image of being cost-cutting agents is gradually changing. They are supply chain whisperers and co-pilots of transformation. Data-driven risk modelling helps them make accurate future decisions and turns them into participative entities.”

The current world scenario mandates a CFO’s financial expertise to assess vendor performance, identify cost-saving opportunities and process improvements, analyse costs and mitigate supply chain risks. Alluding to the same, Roy explained, “The CFO can build a resilient supply chain through cash visibility and crisis foresight. Relocation with risk-adjusted precision is necessary as it helps prepare risk-adjusted return-on-investments models for various situations. The CFO must also build redundancies and incorporate inventory industrial planning into the company’s business plan. As the world de-globalises due to geo-political scenarios, auto manufacturers are being forced to reassess their supply chains.”    

“Seventy-five percent of automotive revenue is attributable to raw materials. Supply chain management provides a competitive edge. Yet another role for the CFO would be to optimise capital for crisis situations that may include geopolitical shifts,” Roy added.  Speaker Sunil Bohra, CFO, Uno Minda Group, while describing how CFO’s act as change catalyst in automotive supply chain, said, “Every automotive plant in India produces roughly 14,000 parts.” He explained that supply chain management must account for cost control and operational efficiency, leading to effective allocation of resources, high profitability and less waste. It is the supply chain-CFO partnership that decides the future of automotive companies and manufacturers.

Though geo-political scenarios are predominantly uncertain, CFO’s have the arsenal to make calculated decisions for mitigating risks. EY India Partner, Tax, Pankaj Jain, explained, “When changes happen at the geo-political level, we must take some calls. For example, one such concept could be focusing on developing tier II and tier III vendors in India.”

The speakers also discussed on how discipline and immense hard work during the entire shift has helped China reach where it is in the auto manufacturing sector. Highlighting the Indian scenario vis-a-vis China, President- Finance and Strategy at Minda Corporation, Ajay Agrawal, said, “India must stop trying to beat China in the manufacturing industry right now since we have only been in the supply chain business for 2-3 years. The best way forward is for us to partner with China.”  

A smart supply chain-CFO partnership is possible through digitalisation. The CFO's role today has undergone a paradigm shift, making him a partner of strategic convergence across the supply chain, finance and digitalisation as the partnership is no longer just an operational topic.

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Gurgaon-headquartered BMW India Financial Services, the subsidiary of the BMW Group, which focusses on retail finance, commercial finance and insurance solutions, has appointed Andreas Modlmayer as the new Managing Director and Chief Executive Officer.

He succeeds Jaejoon Lee, who successfully led the company as a leading end-to-end automotive financial solution for the BMW brand in the country.

Modlmayer has been associated with the BMW Group since 2000 and was the CEO of BMW Austria Bank in Greece. He has extensive leadership experience for BMW Group Financial Services and has worked across geographies such as New Zealand, China and Hong Kong. He started his career with BMW Bank Munich in Sales and Marketing function.

Lisa Ng, Regional Chief Executive Officer of BMW Group Financial Services for Asia Pacific, said, “Andreas Modlmayer brings with him valuable expertise and leadership acumen, with successful development of BMW Financial Services in diverse markets for over two decades. India is an important market for us, and we are confident that he will further add to the company’s growth as he takes charge of BMW India Financial Services.”

“We thank Jaejoon Lee for his immense contribution to BMW India Financial Services in the recent years. He successfully steered the company with new initiatives in product offerings and customer centricity and strengthened the foundation for future growth. We wish him all the best as he returns to BMW Korea once again,” added Ng.

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