The Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEFC), Government of India, has issued a notification on rules for battery waste management in view of the shift to electric vehicles. Anticipating a need to have an organised channel for the safe disposal and recycling of batteries, the rules, called the Battery Waste Management Rules, 2022, are applicable to the producer, dealer, consumer, entities involved in collection, segregation, transportation, refurbishment and recycling of waste batteries. 

All types of batteries, regardless of their chemistry, shape, volume, weight, material composition and use are covered under the rules. The rules also have a provision for penal action in case of a violation and imposition of environmental compensation. The ministry has also set a minimum recovery percentage target for recovered materials out of dry weight batteries. 

The recovered materials will be then used to produce new batteries. For FY2024-25, the recovery target is set at 70 percent whereas for FY2025-26, it is 80 percent. The target for FY2026-27 is 90 percent. Mentioning that the recovery target may be reviewed by the committee once every four years to revisit the minimum levels of recovered battery materials in light of technical and scientific progress and emerging new technologies in waste management, the notification is expected to contribute towards enhancing each and every EV’s cost to the environment in India. This is especially in connection with the fact that nearly 1.4 million EVs as of July 2022 are said to operate in India if the data shared by the ministry of road transport and highways is relied upon. More than half of this volume is claimed to consist of electric three-wheelers followed by two-wheelers and passenger cars. 

The PLI scheme and other policy changes in terms of manufacture and sale of electric vehicles, it is clear that a strong battery ELV and disposal policy has to be in place. From the cost to the environment point of view, a policy extension in terms of the manufacture of such batteries locally down to the fuel cell level should also taking into view the ability of the battery to perform efficiently through out its lifecycle, thus staying alive for longer and when it does die, it should be recyclable to a great extent. 

Dr Akshay Singhal, Founder and CEO of Log9 Materials, averred. “The newly introduced Battery Waste Management standards by the Government under the Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR) concept addresses two important concerns. An efficient and effective waste management of all Li-Ion batteries that are nearing the end of their useful life and are expected to end up in landfills in a few years, avoiding any residual pollution impact. Second is the emphasis on investing in and nurturing the recycling of such used batteries, reducing the reliance on fresh resource mining.” 

Shubham Vishvakarma, CEO and Chief of Process Engineering of Metastable Materials, said, “The Battery Waste Management Rules announced by the Government of India is an excellent and much-needed step towards bringing to the fore innovations and myriad growth opportunities for the battery waste management and battery treatment space in our country, especially at a time when the ongoing EV boom in India is leading us to increasing concerns on e-waste.” “Under the new Rules notified, the Government has mandated a minimum percentage of recovery of various materials from end-of-life batteries, which is bound to enable the growth of novel business models such as urban mining in order to reduce India’s foreign dependency on procuring raw materials for EV batteries and other types of batteries,” he added. 

Ashok Sudrik, Chief Scientist, Infinite Orbit Research and Development Pvt Ltd, commented, “The Battery Waste Management Rules, 2022, were much needed and we are happy that government has started taking cognizance of the hazardous waste being created and the recycling or waste collection. Other than waste management recycling rules, there is a need for manufacturers to incorporate extension of battery life technologies, keep the lithium content minimal and develop innovative cell chemistry. The life of a battery should be 4000 to 6000 cycles, which means a life spane of about 10 to 15 years. BaaS (Battery as a Service) concept with swappable batteries will be a big contributor to the ultimate goal of keeping cost to the environment low.”

In other parts of the world

In Canada, Li-Cycle will begin constructing a USD 175 million plant in Rochester, N.Y., for recycling of lithium-ion batteries. On the grounds of what used to be the Eastman Kodak complex, the plant will be the largest of its kind in North America with an eventual capacity of 25 metric kilotons of input material and a capability to recover 95 percent or more of cobalt, nickel, lithium and other valuable elements through zero-wastewater, zero-emissions process. Ajay Kochhar, Co-founder and CEO, Li-Cycle, said, “We'll be one of the largest domestic sources of nickel and lithium, as well as the only source of cobalt in the United States."  

In May 2022, Hydrovolt, the largest battery recycling plant in Europe started operations in Fredrikstad, Norway. A joint venture between two Norwegian companies – Hydro and Northvolt, the plant has the capacity to process 12,000 tonnes of battery packs per year, enough for the entire end-of-life battery market in Norway currently. Claimed to have the capability to recover 95 percent of the materials used in an EV battery including plastics, copper, aluminum and ‘black mass’, a powder containing various elements inside lithium-ion batteries like nickel, manganese, cobalt and lithium. 

Not just in Europe or US, the rise of Electric Vehicles (EVs) and associated battery gigafactories is pushing forward the creation of a battery recycling value chain. It is a matter of debate whether it got to be a close-loop or an open-loop design in terms of sourcing of batteries to recycle and to put the resulting material to good use so that the cost to the environment is kept minimal. As the demand for use of ‘green’ electricity source gathers pace the world over, on the other end of the spectrum, which involved the end-of-life vehicle for EVs, the demand for recycling in increasing partly due to regulations – the EU regulations have just intensified – and partly by a demand for re-use of materials due to geo-political reasons as well. A strong desire to localise supply chains and safeguard critical raw materials are also the driving factors.  

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The BMW Group has entered into a cooperation with Croatia’s Rimac Technology to equip the new all‑electric BMW i7 with advanced battery systems. This collaboration focuses on integrating BMW’s in‑house developed Gen6 technology into the flagship electric sedan, aiming to deliver superior range and faster charging capabilities.

At the heart of this project is the Gen6 lithium‑ion cylindrical cell, specifically the 4695 format, which offers a 20 percent higher volumetric energy density than the prismatic cells used in the previous Gen5 system. By combining the Gen6 cell technology with the established Gen5 module design, the high‑voltage battery enables a significantly increased driving range for the BMW i7. Additionally, the new setup boosts charging capacity and cuts charging time, greatly benefiting customers. The world premiere of this model is scheduled for 22 April at Auto China 2026 in Beijing.

Rimac Technology, a Tier 1 supplier within the Rimac Group, produces these high‑voltage batteries using state‑of‑the‑art equipment at its Croatian facility. The batteries are then delivered ready for assembly to the BMW Group Plant Dingolfing, the sole production site for the BMW 7 Series. Known for its in‑house development of battery systems, e‑axles, electronics and software, Rimac offers highly customisable electrification solutions. This long‑term partnership with BMW marks Rimac’s evolution from a niche supercar supplier to a Tier 1 provider for high‑volume vehicle projects.

Dr Thomas Engelhardt, Senior VP Development High-Voltage Storage and Charging, BMW Group, said, "We are quickly rolling out the technologies of the Neue Klasse across our entire model portfolio – including, of course, in our all-electric luxury sedan. The teams of both companies have developed a tailor-made solution for the new BMW i7. The excellent collaboration with Rimac Technology is a good example of European innovative strength."

Mate Rimac, Founder and President, Rimac Group, CEO and CTO Bugatti Rimac, said, “BMW has always been known for pushing engineering to the highest level, which made this collaboration especially exciting for us. Together, we developed a high-voltage battery system that unlocks the full potential of the new cylindrical cells in record time, delivering significant improvements in energy, range and charging performance. We are proud to now see this system being produced at scale at our new Rimac Campus.”

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AUMOVIO has received a series production order from a European automotive manufacturer for its OLED display unit featuring an integrated under-display camera. The technology, which was recognised as a CES Innovation Award Honoree, will be implemented in a high-volume premium vehicle model.

The system integrates the camera module behind the active area of the OLED display, removing the requirement for visible camera hardware within the vehicle cabin. This architecture utilises a specific pixel design and OLED technology to maintain a seamless visual interface while allowing the camera to function through the display surface.

The technology supports several vehicle functions, including monitoring for driver attention and drowsiness detection. Enabling cabin-based assistance features and facilitating minimalist cockpit layouts by eliminating bulky external modules.

Internal studies conducted by AUMOVIO indicated that drivers prefer discreetly integrated sensors over visible camera modules. The company has positioned this solution to mirror the transition seen in the smartphone industry, where under-display facial recognition has gained high user acceptance.

By localising the camera under the display, the system maintains an optimal angle for driver monitoring without disrupting the aesthetic of the digital cockpit. The OLED technology used provides high contrast and colour accuracy, meeting the standards required for the premium automotive segment.

Pavel Prouza, Head of the User Experience (UX) business area at AUMOVIO, said, "We are very pleased about the customer order, which was placed shortly after the initial innovation presentation. The order is a strong market signal and confirms that we and our strategy are on the right track. We focus on developing state‑of‑the‑art technologies and transitioning them to series production - to increase safety and comfort in mobility with exciting new cockpit designs."

“With the camera invisibly integrated under the active area of the driver display, we have opened the door to the next generation of exciting and minimalistic cockpit designs – while making a major contribution to advancing safety‑relevant assistance features through wider user acceptance," he further added.

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French tier 1 supplier Valeo has commenced production of high-definition (HD) surround-view cameras at its facility in Sanand, Gujarat. The new production line was inaugurated on 3 April 2026 by Marc Vrecko, CEO of Valeo’s Brain Division, marking an expansion of the company’s vision system manufacturing in India.

The Sanand facility will focus on the high-volume manufacturing of vision camera systems for original equipment manufacturers (OEMs) in India. These components are engineered to support autonomous and semi-autonomous driving functions through Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) and Advanced Rider Assistance Systems (ARAS).

While hardware manufacturing is centred in Sanand, the software and intelligence for these sensors are developed at Valeo’s research and development hub in Chennai. The facility is also scheduled to expand into the production of automotive displays and telematics control units to provide solutions for digital cockpits and connected vehicles.

The expansion is part of Valeo’s ‘Elevate 2028’ strategic plan, which identifies India as a priority market. By localising the production of vision systems, the company aims to streamline its supply chain and increase the delivery speed of safety technologies to regional partners. The investment is intended to transition the Sanand site into a multi-technology hub for automotive electronics.

Marc Vrecko, CEO, Valeo’s Brain Division, said, “The inauguration of this new camera line at our Sanand facility is a proud moment for our team and a proof to our dedication to the Indian market. By localising the production of these highly complex, advanced vision systems, we are not only streamlining our supply chain but also accelerating the delivery of world-class safety technologies to our partners."

Jayakumar G, Group President & Managing Director, Valeo India, added, “We are scaling our product portfolio in Sanand, India. This investment in a state-of-the-art surround-view camera line underscores our commitment to localizing high-tech solutions. It strengthens our ADAS manufacturing capabilities and R&D and ensures we continue to meet our customers’ evolving needs.”

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Belgian technology firm Magnax, which is working on yokeless axial flux electric motors, has secured around EUR 35.5 million investment from Pan-International Industrial Corp, in collaboration with Foxconn Group and members of an incoming management team.

The capital increase, conducted in two stages, has received foreign direct investment (FDI) approval and will result in Pan-International becoming the largest shareholder in Magnax.

Founded in 2015, Magnax develops yokeless axial flux electric motors for sectors including robotics, aerospace and electric vehicles. It also operates Traxial, a subsidiary focused on e-mobility.

The new CAPEX will be used towards industrialising the axial flux motor portfolio for high-volume deployment. Leveraging Foxconn Group’s manufacturing infrastructure and global supply chain. Research and development will remain in Belgium, while mass production will be located in China.

Axial flux motors differ from conventional radial flux machines by offering higher torque density and efficiency. These characteristics allow for reductions in vehicle weight and material usage. The architecture is intended for use in direct-drive industrial drives, machine automation and AI infrastructure, such as data centre thermal management.

As part of the transaction, Magnax has appointed a new CEO with experience in global industrial technology. The incoming management team is also co-investing in the company.

Kester Goh, Co-Founder, Magnax, said, “The capital will primarily be used to industrialise Magnax’s axial flux motor portfolio and support high-volume production. This partnership bridges European motor innovation with Asia’s largest advanced manufacturing ecosystem.”

Peter Leijnen, Co-Founder, Magnax, added, “Axial flux motors have a fundamentally better value proposition in several high-performance use cases. Their high torque density and efficiency enable customers to reduce weight and size of their end products. Lower material usage and higher efficiency translate directly into lower system cost and reduced carbon emissions.”

Daan Moreels, Co-Founder, Magnax, stated, “This is a new and important phase for Magnax. With Foxconn’s manufacturing scale and industrial ecosystem, Magnax gains the operational foundation required to deploy axial flux motor technology across global markets. The partnership accelerates the company’s transition from engineering innovation to large-scale industrial deployment.”

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