Researchers at the National Institute of Technology (NIT) Rourkela have been granted a patent for an innovative model designed to drastically improve the reliability of future vehicle-to-vehicle communication networks. The patented technology addresses the critical challenge of message congestion in high-traffic scenarios, paving the way for safer, smarter road systems in India.

The patent, titled ‘Adaptive Contention Window Optimisation in VANETs using Multi-Agent Deep Reinforcement Learning for Enhanced Performance Model,’ was filed by Dr. Arun Kumar, Assistant Professor; Prof. Bibhudatta Sahoo, Professor and Dr. Lopamudra Hota, Research Graduate, all from the Department of Computer Science & Engineering at NIT Rourkela.

Their work focuses on Vehicular Ad-Hoc Networks (VANETs) – the foundational concept that enables vehicles in close proximity to communicate directly with one another. VANETs are essential for future functionalities like warning drivers about sudden obstacles or precipitous braking, aiding automated traffic control and assisting emergency services.

However, a core issue in VANETs is overcrowding. When multiple vehicles transmit messages simultaneously, the congestion leads to delays or lost messages, which severely compromises the system's ability to function safely.

The NIT Rourkela solution tackles this problem using artificial intelligence (AI). Their model employs multi-agent deep reinforcement learning to enable each vehicle to intelligently stagger the timing of its messages based on the real-time actions of other vehicles in the network. Instead of communications competing and colliding, the system learns to sequence and prioritise time-sensitive alerts, such as emergency warnings. This adaptive adjustment significantly reduces transmission delays, ensuring critical alerts are reliably delivered.

Dr. Arun Kumar highlighted the profound safety implications of their research, referencing the severe toll of road accidents in the country. “In 2023, India reported around 480,000 road accidents and around 172,000 deaths, many of which could be prevented using modern technologies. Our work is a step towards building safer roads and smarter cities. We envision a near future where autonomous vehicles become a reality in India, and this patent is a small step in that direction, driving the spirit of Innovate in India and Make in India,” Dr. Kumar said.

The developed model ensures that even under busy conditions, the right message reaches the right recipient at the right time, a crucial requirement for future transportation systems where vehicles must coordinate in real-time.

The enhanced communication model has broad applications across future mobility. Current VANETs use cases include:

• Electronic brake lights: Notifying drivers of braking scenarios not yet in their line of sight.
• Platooning: Enabling a series of cars to closely follow a lead vehicle using distributed acceleration and steering control data.
• Enhanced Navigation: Providing instantaneous, accurate information on current road traffic conditions.
• Emergency Response: Rapid broadcast of crucial information to vehicles in an area affected by an incident.
• Electronic Toll Collection: Providing remote access to real-time data for automated toll systems.

Prof. Bibhudatta Sahoo emphasised the practical impact of the work on national infrastructure. “The patent represents a practical step towards preparing India's road system for vehicle-to-vehicle communication. By addressing potential congestion in VANETs and providing a model for adoptive, coordinated communication, the findings lay the groundwork for safer and a more efficient traffic management. We invite researchers across institutions to join our efforts in making future autonomous vehicles and collaborate with our research lab at NIT Rourkela,” said Prof Sahoo.

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Adient, a global leader in car seating and Autoliv, a global supplier of car safety systems, have co-developed safety solutions to enhance occupant protection in deeply reclined or ‘zero-gravity’ seating positions. The solution, which is ready for mass production, combines Adient’s new seating concept ‘Z-Guard’ with Autoliv’s safety technology.

The partners stated that zero-gravity seating is seeing an increasing demand in mid-end to high-end vehicles. However, the reclined posture can reduce the effectiveness of safety systems designed for standard upright seating.

Adient’s Z-Guard is based on the principle of Multi-Dimensional Collaborative Protection and integrates constraint and energy-absorbing technologies into a dynamic safety system. Key innovations include:

• Active Cushion Collapse Mechanism: This feature rapidly collapses the seat frame in a crash to absorb energy and adjust posture, reducing spinal impact.
• Adjustable Seat Belt Outlet: This feature adapts to passenger posture and body type, enhancing restraint and minimising risks like shoulder slippage.

Autoliv’s technology complements this with an Integrated Seatbelt System, Dynamic Lumbar Retractor, Pelvic Cushion Airbag and Head Side Airbag. These systems work to protect the head, neck, chest and pelvis.

The Z-Guard concept also allows integration with vehicle driver assistance systems. Using predictive signals, it employs motor-driven seat repositioning to adjust the occupant’s posture before a collision to reduce injury risk. If a crash cannot be detected in time, Z-Guard provides protection through dual pretensioners, cushion buffering and a collapse mechanism to prevent forward movement.

Adient is leading the commercialisation of the Z-Guard, which is scheduled for production in a high-volume model from a major global OEM.

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Alumobility, the association that supports the car industry with lightweighting, will attend the Automotive Circle’s EuroCarBody 2025 conference in Bad Nauheim, Germany, from 14^th October to 16^th October.

The conference will focus on production developments in car design and technology, with emphasis on sustainability and lightweighting.

Alumobility will present a new theoretical technical case study, conducted with a North American OEM. The study shows that converting key vehicle systems from steel to aluminium can reduce the total weight of a crossover battery electric vehicle by 20 percent without increasing vehicle cost or manufacturing complexity.

The results will be shared during a technical presentation led by Alumobility Technical Director Professor Mark White, Vice-President Mario Greco and CAE Lead Vincent Laurent. The session will highlight how aluminium-intensive designs can enable:

• Weight reduction (20 percent of total vehicle weight)
• Same or slightly lower overall cost to manufacture a vehicle
• Lower manufacturing complexity with fewer parts and joints
• Enhanced vehicle performance with fewer resources

The project findings support previous Alumobility studies on the potential of aluminium to support vehicle architectures.

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OPEN Alliance and AUTOSAR have formed a partnership to drive the adoption of Ethernet-based communication in vehicles. The collaboration aims to provide users with higher bandwidth, lower latency, and enhanced scalability between vehicle technologies.

The move seeks to address functional safety and cybersecurity requirements while avoiding duplicated work. The groups will deliver open specifications for Ethernet communication for the global automotive industry, covering areas such as the Physical Layer Specification, Switch configuration and Media Access Control Security (MACsec).

Tobias Belitz, OPEN Alliance Secretary and Renesas Networking Specialist, said, “We are delighted to announce this new collaboration with AUTOSAR. Much like OPEN Alliance, it is a global organisation encompassing leading companies within the automotive and software industry, with a unified mission to develop and establish an optimal networking strategy for modern vehicles. We look forward to working with AUTOSAR to enable greater wide scale adoption of Ethernet-based connectivity.”

Ethernet is becoming the backbone of next-generation vehicles, supporting technologies such as Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) and the autonomous vehicle. The partnership will ensure coordination and alignment between the groups’ activities in automotive Ethernet.

Thomas Ruping, Chairperson, AUTOSAR, said, “AUTOSAR warmly welcomes the opportunity to collaborate with OPEN Alliance as an AUTOSAR Attendee. This collaboration strengthens our joint effort to advance Automotive Ethernet and Automotive Ethernet-based technologies, with a particular focus on cybersecurity and safety use cases. In consequence the collaboration will further support the global automotive industry and foster the advancement of automotive software development worldwide.”

Key areas of collaboration include the use of MACsec, which offers a low-latency and high-performance solution for vehicles. The groups will standardise OPEN Alliance specifications within the AUTOSAR framework to ensure the interoperability of Ethernet communication. Features such as Scalable Service-Oriented Middleware over Internet Protocol (SOME/IP), Diagnostics over Internet Protocol (DoIP) and Time Sensitive Networking (TSN) will be mapped.

The collaboration will see joint development of TC11, TC17, TC18 and TC19, which cover Ethernet Switch requirements, MACsec, the Remote Control Protocol and Software for Switch Management.

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The Digital Twin Lab, established by the Automotive Research Association of India (ARAI) with Micelio and IIT Guwahati Tech Park, has now become completely operational.

The lab, supported by the Ministry of Heavy Industries (MHI), enables simulation-led development for electric vehicles (EVs) to help startups, MSMEs and car manufacturers accelerate design, validation and deployment. Its capabilities will be showcased at Micelio’s Global Clean Mobility Summit 2025.

The facility uses a ‘Hub-and-Spoke' model, with the hub at ARAI in Pune and two spokes: one at Micelio Discovery Studio in Bengaluru and the other at the Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Guwahati. It became fully operational in June 2025.

Dr Reji Mathai, Director, ARAI, said, “ARAI is proud to announce the strategic expansion of its Digital Twinning services across India, extending from the western region to the eastern and southern parts of the country. As India advances towards a future of intelligent and sustainable mobility, ARAI remains committed to empowering OEMs, startups, and automotive innovators with cutting-edge mobility solutions. We are grateful to the Ministry of Industries for their continued support in driving technology-led green mobility initiatives. We also deeply value our collaboration with Micelio, our trusted partner in this endeavour and look forward to a successful journey in broadening ARAI’s national footprint.”

The lab offers digital twin modelling for EV components, including battery packs, motors and drivetrains. It provides virtual validation environments that can simulate conditions such as wear-and-tear and energy consumption. This is supported by Hardware-in-Loop testing systems and AI/ML-based simulation tools.

Shreyas Shibulal, Founder & Director, Micelio Mobility, said, "This lab represents a fundamental shift in how India approaches EV innovation. By providing access to advanced digital twin infrastructure, we are reducing time-to-market and development costs, while also enabling a new generation of Indian EV innovators to compete globally while developing solutions specifically tailored to Indian conditions and requirements."

The facility allows startups and MSMEs to validate their concepts and refine designs without large capital investments.

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